What Is Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery?
 

Figure 1

Coronary artery bypass surgery is done to provide "detours" around the partially or completely blocked arteries. With a new open "bypass system" the heart can now receive its much needed blood supply.

Coronary artery bypass surgery is performed to provide relief of angina, to improve the pumping ability of the heart muscle, to prevent heart attacks, and to reduce the use of heart medications, all of which should improve a person's quality of life. The indications for surgery vary, depending on each patient's symptoms and findings at the time of heart catheterization. Your surgeon and cardiologist will discuss the reasons for recommending surgery to you.

The concept of coronary artery bypass surgery is very simple. The blocked arteries are bypassed using saphenous veins (which are from the leg) and/or the internal mammary artery (the vessel that runs along the inside of the breast bone). The saphenous vein is commonly used for grafts. These veins are used by the surgeon as an alternate vessel to deliver blood to the heart muscle below the point of the blockage. The surgery reroutes the blood flow to supply areas of the heart muscle not receiving enough blood (See Figure 1).

Control of further coronary artery blockages can be reduced by correcting the risk factors for coronary artery disease. This means no smoking, avoidance of salt, maintenance of a low cholesterol diet, control of blood pressure and regular exercise.

The internal mammary graft is less prone to close, therefore every effort is made to use it.
 

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